To assesse the iron and silicon effects on the yield and physiological characteristics of green pea, Wando cultivar by ASGrow Corporation was used in three levels of iron chelate (0.05, 0.1 and 0.3 gr per l-1) and silicon (0, 14 and 28 mg per l-1), as a factorial experimental in completely randomized design with three replications. In this experiment, characterisics such as fresh and dry weight of grain, the number of grain per pod, concentration of Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn and Si in leaf and grain were measured. Results showed that the interaction of Fe and Si was significant at p<0.01 on grain fresh and dry wigeht, concentratin of leaf and grain Fe, leaf Mn, leaf and grain Zn and leaf Si and the application of Fe and Si was significant separately, on other traits such as number of grain per pod, concentration of leaf and grain Cu, Mn and Si in grain.  The Mean squares showed that the application of Fe and Si significantly increased fresh and dry grain weight and Si laef concetration and decreased the concentratin of leaf and grain Fe and Mn as well as grain Mn.  The enhancement of Fe and Si application separately decreased the concentration of Mn, Cu and zinc leaf and grains, but the Si concentration of leaf and grain were increased by Si application. The concentration of Fe, Mn, Cu and Zn were decreased in leaf and grain because of antagonistic effects. It can be concluded that Si reduces the harmfull effects of high levels of iron toxicity and the application of 0.1 g/l and 25 mg/l can be recommended as the best treatments.

The Upper Devonian Jeirud Formation provenance was investigated by means of petrography, modal analysis and heavy minerals assemblage, and mudstones major and minor elements geochemistry. Modal analysis results suggested recycled orogens, craton interior and passive margins as tectonic settings of Jeirud formation deposits. Based on modal analysis results, the Jeirud Formation siliciclastics were resulted from weathered plutonic and metamorphic rocks under humid to sub-humid climate conditions. Heavy minerals assemblages also, suggest a mixture of basic to acidic igneous rocks and recycling of older sedimentary rocks as the provenance. Althogh based on high compositional maturity of Jeirud sandstones, weathering under humid to sub-humid climatic conditions is most likely, but several evidences such as existence of dolocrete and rhizolith, unstable heavy minerals (Pyroxene, Amphibole, Apatite), existence of Polygorskite clay mineral and lack of coal deposits are inconsistent with humid to subhumid climate conditions and suggest semi-arid to arid climatic conditions. Accordingly, relatively high maturity of the Jeirud sandstones can be related to recycling, low gradient, long distance transporting, and high energy conditions in coastal environment. Combinig of major element based plots and trace element based plots such as La-th-sc ternary plot and La/Th versus Hf plot is suggesting a mixture of felsic, mafic and quartz-bearing sedimentary rocks (Recycled) as the source rocks for the Jeirud Formation siliciclastic deposits. An integration of modal analysis and heavy minerals results into the geochemical studies including Verma and Armstrong-Altrin Functional diagrams, indicate that, siliciclastic rocks of the formation, are resulted from weathering of acidic-intermediate to basic rocks of collisional tectonic provenances (recycled orogens). Investigations and comparison with previous studies, confirm that geochemical results and proportions of study area are consistent with those of old upper continental crust (OUC) typical of collisional tectonic settings. The CIA values of mudstones are indicative of moderate to intense weathering typical of humid to sub-humid climatic conditions, which are unreliable and inconsistent with heavy minerals results and field and petrographical evidences (dolocrete and rhizolith) due to effects of recycling.

Rosemary plant extract as a natural anti-oxidant is 4 times stronger than synthetic anti-oxidant like BHT and BHA. For this reason, it has been under attention not only for its anti-oxidant properties rather for its anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, anti-bacterial, and anti-virus properties in different studies. This research investigates the effects of temperature, time, pH, and substance concentration in the labeling of irradiated rosmarinic acid by radioisotope gallium-67 as a high-resolution imaging agent for SPECT imaging. In this study, gamma irradiated rosmarinic acid nanoparticles at 20 kGy and 30 kGy levels in two concentrations of 0.5 and 1% were radiolabeled by gallium-67 radioisotope produced in Karaj cyclotron, and their efficiency and radiochemical purity were compared. Labeling conditions (including pH, temperature, time, and compound concentration) were investigated. Quality control was performed by thin-layer chromatography (RTLC). Resulting from the experiments, 30 kGy level and 1% concentration at 45 °C for 30 minutes at pH = 5.5-6 proved to be the best time for labeling rosemary nanoparticles, and the highest radiochemical purity achieved was 95%; radio conjugate also showed good stability after 12 hours.

Petrographic, major and trace element composition of sandstones from Ordovician Rahdar Mountain have been investigated to determine their provenance, tectonic setting and paleo-weathering condition in the source area. Petrographically and geochemically, these sandstones are classified as quartzarenite and sublitharenite. All sandstone samples are enriched in quartz but poor in feldspar and rock fragments. These sandstones are commonly well cemented by silica (overgrowth or syntaxial cements) and rarely by carbonate, hematite and clay materials. The petrographic data suggest a recycled orogen and craton source terrain. Geochemical data suggest that these sediments were derived from quartzose sedimentary provenance (older sandstones). The mean CIW values (chemical index of weathering) for these sandstones are about 91 that suggest intense-weathering condition in source area. Humid climate prevailed during deposition of these sandstones.

Chelken Formation (Lower and Middle Pliocene) which represents a siliciclastic nature in Javarom Section (south of the Ghaemshahr city) was studied. This formation comprises three sets of conglomerate, sandstone and mudstone, which are usually arranged in fining upward sequences. According to the nature of fining upward sedimentary sequences, sedimentological characteristics and structural features, it is proposed that the Chelken Formation was deposited in a fluvial environment. Conglomeratic facies are mainly clast-supported, sandstone facies are represented by quartz arenite and lithic arenites and mudstone facies are carbonate-clastic in nature. According to the paleo-currents analyses, a north and northeastward direction is proposed for the paleocurrents deposition of this formation.

Introduction: Hemophilia is one of the most important coagulation disorders. At the present time the current treatment is factor replacement which may lead to many socio-economic problems and also transmission of some viral infections. In this study we evaluate an alternative treatment to factor replacement to decrease the aforementioned problems. Material and Methods: This was an interventional study and the statistical population included all Hemophilia patients that referred to Besat Hospital. They were randomly divided into two groups: an intervention group of 13 patients and a control group of 15 patients. Tranexamic acid was only used for the intervention group (15 patients). Then the data was assessed by spss win software. Results: In the intervention group bleeding episodes were reduced significantly (from 4.07 episodes per month to 3 episodes per month) and so was the need for factor replacement (from 80.1 u/kg/m to 58.7 u/kg/m). In the control group bleeding episodes and the need for factor replacement did not differ prior to and during the study. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that daily prophylactic use of TEA is effective in reducing bleeding episodes and decreasing the need for factor replacement in hemophilia patients. However, due to increased PTT and decreased serum clotting factors in patients, the risk of life threatening bleeding is likely to be high. Thus we don’t recommend the use of TEA as a prophylactic measure in hemophilia.  

Background and Objective: Textile wastewaters are known as an important environmental pollutant. The main characteristic of textile wastewater is its colorness, which contains various organic and inorganic pollutants. Therefore it is necessary to treat such effluent effectively before discharging into the environment.Methods: In a fundamental-applicable study, removal efficiency of acid red 18 and acid red 14 using zero valent iron powder has been investigated. Parameters studied include pH (3-11), contact time (15-120 min), and initial concentration of iron powder (0.5-2 g/L).Results: Batch experiments show that dye removal was increased with increasing mass of iron powder and contact time, while decreased with increasing of pH. The high removal efficiency was observed in pH=3, contact time=120 min and iron powder concentration of 2 g/L. The result of kinetic studies shows that removal of acid red 18 and acid red 14 was best described by pseudo-second order kinetic model.Conclusion: the overall results of present work shows efficient removal of acid red 18 and acid 14 by zero valent iron powder.

The Pesteliegh Formation (Lower Paleocene) is composed of 94/5 m of sandstone, shale and evaporate units in the Chahchahe section. Shale samples show that major oxides such as SiO2, Al2O3, Na2O, P2O5 and trace elements like Sr, Ba, Nb and Ce are depleted relative to Upper Continental Crust (UCC) while, U and CaO enriched. The diagram of TiO2 versus Al2O3 and Zr versus Al2O3 suggest an intermediate igneous rock as possible source rock for shale of the Pesteliegh Formation. The diagram of K2O/Na2O versus SiO2 and ternary diagram of Th/Co/Zr, La/Th/Sc, Th/Sc/Zr show a continental arc islands as tectonic setting for this Formation. The CIA index values reveal poor to moderate degree for intensity of weathering and arid to semi-arid as paleo-climate in the studied area. In the other hand, the U/Th and Ni/Co indexes indicate oxidant condition in depositional environment. The beginning of Paleocene was along with tectonic activity and regression of sea level in most parts of the word and well the Kopet-Dagh Basin in Iran. These occurrences were most important factor for deposition of siliciclastic sediments of the Pesteliegh Formation. Due to regression, the thickness of this formation decrease, from south east toward north west in Kopet-Dagh Basin.

Themost important reservoir unit in NW Iran, known as Zivah Formation, is well described and its characteristics/are accomplished in the sequence stratigraphic framework. Using both field studies and laboratory measurements the constituent facies/facies associations are di6stinguished. The facies are grouped in to parasequences, system tracts and sequences based on their sedimentological characteristics, stratigraphic position, fining-up or coarsening-up trend, and the nature of their stratal surfaces. Discontinuous and thin coal seams, development of carbonate and Fe-oxide cements, distribution of turbidites, and establishment of incised valleys were used for detection of major strata surfaces. Sequence boundaries and maximum flooding surfaces have received greater attention due to their higher utility in sequence stratigraphic studies. The distinguished sequences are classified in to 2nd to 6th order sequences based on their sedimentological characteristics, thickness, stratigraphic position, and the age of whole formation.Correlating with available sea-level curves from other parts of the world, the 2ndorder cycles are related to worldwide sea-level changes (Eustacy). The 3rd to 4th order cycles are related to structural deformation of the source region and surrounding mountains, affected from regional tectonic. Local environmental conditions (bounding faults activities, waves, and currents, erosion rate) are found responsible for development of 5th to 6th order sequences. The facies/facies associations of LST and FRST are found more susceptible for hydrocarbon reservoir.

Two stratigrphic sections from Dahu Fonnation (Early Cambrian), at Gezuieh and Dahuieh (type section) in E and SE Zarand, NW Kennan, with thickness of 227 and 240 meters respectively, were measured. These data have been used for interpretation of provenance of these siliciclastic sediments. Lithofacies, architectural elements and petrofacies analysis show that Dahu Fonnation has been deposited in meandering river system when the river was flowing from south toward the north. Provenance studies and depositional history, using petrography frameworks characteristics, paleocurrent analysis and tectonic setting (using the triangle diagram Qt-F-L and Qm-F-Lt), show that the sediments. of Dahu Fonnation may have been derived from alkali granite related to Pan-African orogeny from Saudia Arabian train. These sediments may have been deposited as post rift sediments in Kennan region. We hope that this infonnation can be used for paleogeographical reconstruction of the Early Cambrian time in local and regional scales.